Title	Active layer temperature monitoring in two boreholes in Livingston Island, maritime Antarctic; first results for 2000- 2006
Author	Ramos, M.; Vieira, G.; Blanco, J.J.; Gruber, S.; Hauck, C.; Hidalgo, M.A.; Tomé, D.
Author Affil	Ramos, M., University of Alcalá, Department of Physics, Spain. Other: University of Lisbon, Portugal; University of Zurich, Switzerland; University of Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany
Source	International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings, Vol.9, p.1463-1467, ; Ninth international conference on Permafrost, Fairbanks, AK, June 29-July 3, 2008, edited by D.L. Kane and K.M. Hinkel. Publisher: [publisher varies], [location varies], International. ISBN: 978-0-9800179-3- 9
Publication Date	2008
Notes	In English. 22 refs. GeoRef Acc. No: 286062. CRREL Acc. No: 62006177
Index Terms	active layer; boreholes; climate; freezing; glacial geology; permafrost; temperature; Antarctica--Livingston Island; Antarctica; Livingston Island; monitoring; periglacial features; Scotia Sea Islands; seasonal variations; shallow depth; South Shetland Islands
Abstract	This paper describes the active layer thermal regimes in two shallow boreholes, Sofia 275 m a.s.l. and Incinerador 35 m a.s.l., for which the ground temperature series has been recorded continuously from 2000 to 2006. The monitoring sites are located in Livingston Island, South Shetland Archipelago, Antarctica. This is one of the most sensitive regions of Earth to climate change, with a major warming trend over the last 50 years, of ca. +2.5°C in the Mean Annual Air Temperatures (MAAT). This region is located near the climatic limit of permafrost, since MAAT at sea level is close to -2°C. Lineal fits of the ground temperatures series for the study period at different depths in these boreholes show positive slopes. An outcome from the analysis of freezing and thawing indexes is that most of the ground warming seems to concentrate in the summer.
Publication Type	conference paper or compendium article
Record ID	84555